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Английский язык

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2. Средняя школа

3. ОГЭ - английский язык

4. ЕГЭ - английский язык

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Правообладателям

The Russian Federation (топик)  

 

Все топики.

"Россия" - все топики.

 

 

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world with an area of over 17,000,000 km2. It covers almost twice the territory of the next largest country, Canada. Russia ranks eighth in the world in population; 143 million people live there. Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It is also close to the United States and Japan across stretches of water.

The Russian Federation stretches across much of the north of Eurasia and spans eleven time zones. The country accommodates a great variety of landscapes and climates. Most of Russia is in zones of a continental and Arctic climate. Most of the land consists of vast plains, both in the European part and the Asian part known as Siberia. These plains are steppe to the south and heavily forested to the north, with tundra along the northern coast. Mountain ranges are found along the southern borders, such as the Caucasus (containing Mount Elbrus, Europe's highest point at 5,633 m) and the Altai, and in the eastern parts, such as the Verkhoyansk Range or the volcanoes on Kamchatka. The more central Ural Mountains, a north-south range that forms the primary divide between Europe and Asia, are also notable.

Russia's most important rivers are the Volga (the longest river in Europe), and the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena in Siberia and the Amur in the Far East. Major lakes include Lake Baikal, the world's deepest lake with the depth of 1,600 metres, Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega. Russia has 13 cities with over a million inhabitants: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and others.

The Russian Federation is a federal republic with a president, directly elected for a four-year term. The president nominates the highest state officials and governors and is also head of the armed forces and the Russian National Security Council. Russia's bicameral parliament, the Federal Assembly consists of an upper house known as the Federation Council whose delegates are appointed by executive and legislative bodies of federal subjects, and a lower house known as the State Duma. The State Duma comprises 450 deputies who will be elected by proportional representation from nation-wide party lists from the next election in 2007. The Russian Federation consists of 88 different federal subjects. The capital of the Russian Federation is Moscow with a population of over 10 million people.

Russia is a highly industrialized-agrarian republic. Its vast mineral resources include oil and natural gas, iron, coal, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, gold and other non-ferrous metals. Russia has the world's largest oil and natural gas resources. Approximately 10 million people are engaged in agriculture, and produce grain, meat, dairy products, etc.

In 1999 Russia's economy entered a phase of rapid economic expansion. Service production and industrial output began to grow. Russia remains heavily dependent on exports of commodities, particularly oil, natural gas, metals, and timber. In 2004 Russia was the ninth largest economy in the world and the fifth largest in Europe. If the current growth rate is sustained, the country is expected to become the second largest European economy after Germany and the sixth largest in the world within a few years. The greatest challenge facing the Russian economy is how to encourage the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in a business climate with a banking system, dominated by Russian oligarchs. Other problems include disproportional economic development of Russia's own regions.

79.8 % of the population is ethnically Russian. The Russian language is the only official state language, but the republics have often made their native languages co-official next to Russian. The Russian Orthodox Church is the dominant Christian religion in the Federation; other religions include Islam, various Protestant faiths, Judaism, Roman Catholicism and Buddhism.

 

 

 

Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Российская Федерация занимает территорию в два раза больше территории Канады, простирается на большую часть севера Евразии, занимает восьмое место в мире по населению и граничит со многими странами.
2. Страна отличается большим разнообразием ландшафтов и климатов, состоит из обширных равнин с горными цепями вдоль южных границ.
3. Россия — федеративная республика с президентом, избираемым прямым голосованием на четырехлетний срок, назначающим высших чиновников и губернаторов, и являющимся главой Вооруженных сил и Совета Безопасности России.
4. Двухпалатный парламент России, Федеральное собрание состоит из верхней палаты, Совета Федерации, делегаты которого назначаются исполнительными и законодательными органами нескольких субъектов федерации, и нижней палаты, государственной думы, которая состоит из 450 делегатов.
5. Начиная со следующих выборов, государственная дума будет избираться на основе принципа пропорционального представительства по спискам национальных партий.
6. Россия — высокоразвитая промышленно-аграрная страна с большими запасами полезных ископаемых, включающих нефть, природный газ, уголь, цинк, алюминий, золото и другие цветные металлы.
7. Россия имеет крупнейшие в мире запасы нефти и природного газа, около 10 миллионов населения заняты в сельском хозяйстве и производят зерно, мясо и молочные продукты.
8. В 1999 году экономика России вступила в фазу быстрого экономического развития, начали расти производство услуг и выпуск промышленной продукции.
9. Россия сохраняет значительную зависимость от экспорта товаров.
10. Задача, стоящая перед российской экономикой— поощрение малых и средних предприятий в экономике, контролируемой российскими олигархами.

1. The Russian Federation covers almost twice the territory of Canada, stretches across much of the north of Eurasia, ranks eighth in the world in population and shares borders with many countries.
2. The country accommodates a great variety of landscapes and climates, consists of vast plains with mountain ranges along the southern borders.
3. Russia is a federal republic with a president, directly elected for a four-year term who nominates the highest state officials and governors and is also head of the armed forces and the Russian National Security Council.
4. Russia's bicameral parliament, the Federal Assembly consists of an upper house, the Federation Council whose delegates are appointed by executive and legislative bodies of several federal subjects, and a lower house, the State Duma which comprises 450 deputies.
5. From the next election the State Duma will be elected by proportional representation from nation-wide party lists.
6. Russia is a highly industrialized-agrarian republic with vast mineral resources including oil, natural gas, coal, zinc, nickel, aluminum, gold and other nor-ferrous metals.
7. Russia has the world's largest oil and natural gas resources, about 10 million of its population are engaged in agriculture and produce grain, meat, dairy products.
8. In 1999 Russia's economy entered a phase of rapid economic expansion, its service production and industrial output began to grow.
9. Russia remains heavily dependent on exports of commodities.
10. The challenge facing the Russian economy is how to encourage the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the economy, dominated by Russian oligarchs.

 

 

 

Из пособия "ЕГЭ. Английский язык. Устные темы" Занина Е.Л. (2010, 272с.) - Part two. Additional topics.
 

 

 

Помощь:

1. Прослушать произношение слова и перевод на howjsay.com .  Направление перевода выберите один раз из списка, в дальнейшем оно сохранится. Для многократного повторения подводите стрелку мышки к выделенному слову в колонке слева.

2. Правила чтения слов смотрите здесь.

3. Подробный перевод в словаре Мультитран. (В часы перегрузок Интернета работает медленно, но словарь хороший.)

 

 

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