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Thanks vii
To the student viii
To the teacher ix
Tenses
1 Present simple (I do) and present continuous (I am doing) (1)
2 Present simple (I do) and present continuous (I am doing) (2)
3 Present perfect (I have done) and past simple (I did) (1)
4 Present perfect (I have done) and past simple (I did) (2)
5 Present perfect (I have done) and past simple (I did) (3): adverbs used with
these tenses
6 Past continuous (I was doing) and past simple (I did)
7 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing)
8 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing) and present perfect (I have
done)
9 Past perfect (I had done) and past simple (I did)
10 Past perfect continuous (I had been doing) and past perfect (I had done)
The future
11 Will and going to; shall
12 Present continuous (I am doing) for the future and going to
13 Present simple (I do) for the future
14 Future continuous (will be doing)
15 Be to + infinitive (I am to do), future perfect (I will have done), and
future perfect continuous (I will have been doing)
16 The future seen from the past (was going to, etc.)
Modals
17 Should and ought to
18 Will and would: willingness, likelihood and certainty
19 Will and would: habits; used to
20 May, might, can and could: possibility (1)
21 May, might, can and could: possibility (2)
22 Can, could, and be able to: ability
23 Must and have (got) to
24 Need (n't), don't have to and mustn't
25 Permission, offers, etc.
Be, have, do, make, etc.
26 Linking verbs: be, appear, seem; become, get, etc.
27 Have and have got; have and take
28 Do and make
Passives
29 Forming passive sentences
30 Using passives
31 Verb + -ing or to-infinitive: passive forms
32 Reporting with passive verbs
Questions
33 Forming questions; reporting questions
34 Asking and answering negative questions
35 Wh-questions with how, what, which and who
Verbs: infinitives, -ing forms, etc.
36 Verbs with and without objects
37 Verb + to-infinitive or bare infinitive
38 Verb + to-infinitive or -ing?
39 Verb + -ing
40 Verb + wh-clause
41 Have/get something done; want something done, etc.
42 Verb + two objects
Reporting
43 Reporting people's words and thoughts
44 Reporting statements (1): that-clauses
45 Reporting statements (2): verb tense in that-clauses
46 Reporting statements (3): verb tense in the reporting clause; say and tell;
etc.
47 Reporting offers, suggestions, orders, intentions, etc.
48 Should in that-clauses
49 Modal verbs in reporting
Nouns and compounds
50 Countable and uncountable nouns
51 Agreement between subject and verb (1)
52 Agreement between subject and verb (2)
53 The possessive form of nouns (Jane's mother)
54 Compound nouns (1)
55 Compound nouns (2)
Articles
56 A/an and one
57 The and a/an (1):'the only one'
58 The and a/an (2): 'things already known', etc.
59 Some and zero article with plural and uncountable nouns
60 The, zero article and a/an: 'things in general'
61 People and places
62 Holidays, times of the day, meals, etc.
Determiners and quantifiers
63 Some and any; something, somebody, etc.
64 Much (of), many (of), a lot of, lots (of), etc.
65 All (of), the whole (of), both (of)
66 Each (of), every, and all
67 No, none (of), and not any
68 Few, a few (of), little, a little (of), etc.
69 Quantifiers with and without 'of (some/some of; any/any of; etc.)
Relative clauses and other types of clause
70 Relative clauses (1) (The girl who I was talking about.)
71 Relative clauses (2) (Tom, who is only six, can speak three languages.)
72 Relative clauses (3): other relative pronouns
73 Relative clauses (4): prepositions in relative clauses
74 Participle clauses (-ing, -ed and being + -ed)
75 Participle clauses with adverbial meaning
Pronouns, substitution and leaving out words
76 Reflexive pronouns: herself, himself, themselves, etc.
77 One and ones (There's my car - the green one.)
78 So (I think so; so I hear)
79 Do so; such
80 Leaving out words after auxiliary verbs
81 Leaving out to-infinitives (She didn't want to (go).)
Adjectives
82 Adjectives: position (1)
83 Gradable and ungradable adjectives; position (2)
84 Adjectives and adverbs
85 Participle adjectives (the losing ticket; the selected winners)
86 Prepositions after adjectives: afraid of/for, etc.
87 Adjectives + that-clause or to-infinitive
88 Comparison with adjectives (1): -er/more...; enough, sufficiently, too; etc.
89 Comparison with adjectives (2): as...as; so...as to; etc.
Adverbs and conjunctions
90 Position of adverbs
91 Adverbs of place, indefinite frequency, and time
92 Degree adverbs: very, too, extremely, quite, etc.
93 Comment adverbs; viewpoint adverbs; focus adverbs
94 Adverbial clauses of time (1): verb tense; before and until; hardly, etc.
95 Adverbial clauses of time (2): as, when and while
96 Giving reasons: as, because, because of, etc.; for and with
97 Purposes and results: in order to, so as to, etc.
98 Contrasts: although and though; even though/if; in spite of and despite
99 Conditional sentences (1): verb tenses
100 Conditional sentences (2)
101 If...not and unless; if and whether, etc.
102 After waiting..., before leaving..., besides owning..., etc.
103 Connecting ideas between and within sentences
Prepositions
104 At, in and on: prepositions of place
105 Across, along, over and through; above, over, below and under
106 Between, among; by, beside, etc.
107 At, in and on: prepositions of time
108 During, for, in, over, and throughout; by and until
109 Except (for), besides, apart from and but for
110 About and on; by and with
111 Prepositions after verbs (1)
112 Prepositions after verbs (2)
113 Prepositions after verbs (3)
114 Two- and three-word verbs: word order
Organising information
115 There is, there was, etc.
116 It... (1)
117 It... (2)
118 Focusing: it-clauses and what-clauses
119 Inversion (1)
120 Inversion (2)
Appendix 1 Passive verb forms 242
Appendix 2 Quoting what people think or what they have said 243
Appendix 3 Irregular verbs 244
Appendix 4 Typical errors and corrections 246
Glossary 265
Additional exercises 269
Study guide 280
Key to exercises 289
Key to Additional exercises 325
Key to Study guide 329
Index 330 |
Thanks vii
lb the student viii
Tn the teacher ix
Tenses
1 Present continuous and present simple (I}
2 Present continuous and present simple (2)
3 Past simple and present perfect
4 Past continuous and past simple
5 Past perfect and past simple
fi Present perfect continuous and present perfect
7 Past perfect continuous, past perfect and past continuous
8 Present and past time: review
The future
9 Will and be going to 11t Present simple and present continuous
for rhe future
11 Fu г u re con rinuo us a nd tutu re pe rfecc (conti n uou s)
12 Be to + infinitive
13 Other ways of talking about the future
14 The future seen from the past
Modals and semi-modals
15 Can, could, be able to and be allowed to
16. Will, would and used to
17. May and might: possibility
18. Must a:id have {got} to
19. Need (n't), don't need to and
don't have ro
20 Should, ought to and had better
Linking verbs, passives, questions
21 Linking verbs: be, appear, seem; become, get, etc.
22 Forming passive sentences (1)
23 Forming passive sentences (2): verb t- -ing or to-infinitive
24 Using passives
2$ Reporting with passive verbs; It is said thai...
26 Wh-questions with who, whom, which, how and whose
27 Negative questions; echo questions; questions with
chat-clauses
Verb complementation: what follows
verbs
28 Verbs, objects and complements
29 Verb + two objects
30 Verb - -ing forms and infinitives (1) .
31 Verb *• -ing forms and
infinitives (2)
Reporting
32 Reporting people's words and
thoughrs ?
33.
Reporting sea cements: that-clauses
34 Verb »- wh-clause
35 Tense choice in reporting
36 Reporting oilers, suggestions, orders, intentions, ere.
37 Modal verbs in reporting
З8 Reporting what people say using
nouns and adjectives
З9 Should
in that-clauses; the present subjunctive
Nouns
40 Agreement between subject and verb (I)
41 Agreement between subject and verb (2)
42 Agreement between subject and verb (3)
43 Compound nouns and noun phrases
Articles, determiners and quantifiers
44 A/an and one
45 A/an, (be and zero article {1}
46 A/an, (be and zero article (2)
47 A/an, (be and zero article (3)
48 Some
and any
49 No, none (of) and not any
50 Much (of), many (of) a lot of lots (of), ere.
51
All (of), whole, every, each
52 Hew, little, less, fewer
Relative, clauses and other types ofttause
53. Relative pronouns
54 Other relative words: whose, when, whereby, ete.
55 Prepositions hi relative clauses
56 Other ways of adding in formation со no tin phrases П):
additional noun phrases, etc.
57 Orher ways of adding information со noun phrases (2);
prepositional phrases, ere.
58 Participle clauses with adverbial meaning (I)
59 Participle clauses with adverbial meaning (2)
Pronouns, substitution and leaving wtl words
60 Reflexive pronouns: herself, himself themselves, ecc.
61 One and ones
62 So and not as substitutes (or clauses, etc.
63 Do so; such
64 More on leaving out words a fret auxiliary verbs
65 Leaving out co-infinhives
Adjectives and adverbs
66 Position of adjectives
67 Cradablc .and поп-gradahle adjectives (1)
68 С ra da hie and non-gradable adjectives (2)
69 Participle adjectives and compound adjectives
70 Adjectives + to*infinitive, -ing, that-clause, wh-clause
71 Adjectives and adverbs
72 Adjectives and adverbs: comparative and superlative iornis
73 Comparative phrases and clauses
74 Position of adverbs [I)
75 Го sic ion of adverb* (2)
76 Adverbs of place, direction, indefinite frequency, and rime
77 Degree adverbs and focus adverbs
78 Comment adverbs and viewpoint adverbs
Adverbial clauses and am/unctions
79 Adverbial clauses of time
80. Giving reasons: as, because, ere,;
for and witli
81 Purposes .and results: in order to, so as со, etc.
82 Contrasts: although and though: even Though/if; while, whilst
and whereas
83 If (I)
84 If (2)
85 If I were you.,,; imagine he were (o win
86 If...not and unless; if and whether; etc.
87 Connecting ideas in a sentence and between sentences
Prepositions
88 Preposition* of position and movement
89 Itetween and among
90 Prepositions of cime
91 'la (king about except i< > n s
92 Prepositions after verbs
93 Prepositions a her nouns
94 Two- and three-word verbs: word order
Organising information
95. There is, there was, etc.
96 It... (I)
97. It... (2)
98. Focusing: it -clauses .and w
hat-clan кеч
99 Inversion П)
100 Inversion (2)
Grammar review 202 Glossary 219
Appendix 1 I'asxive verb forms 224
Appendix 2 Basic question forms 225
Appendix 3 Quoting what people think or what iliey have said 226
A p pen d i x 4 11" r egu I a r verbs 227
Additional exercises 229
Study Guide 240
Key to Hxcrcisex 252
Key to Additional exercises 2?H
Key to Study guide 28 T
Index 282 |
